- 12 views
Issue
Abstract
The medical merits of the traditional herbal medicine Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. is generally accepted and established in modern medicine especially in dermatology and cognitive therapy, while numerous ongoing studies are exploring its application in internal medicine. However, it is also reported as a weed in several tropical islands, including the Philippines, where it is a native species. With the increasing popularity of natural remedies, coupled with the concerns of decreasing biodiversity in the country, an increase in intentional cultivation of invasive species is cause for concern. Hence, available literature was explored to assess the invasiveness potential of C. asiatica on Philippine ecosystems. It was found that C. asiatica growth is favored in the climate of the majority of the country and that the herb can establish itself in varied ecological conditions. However, its weed status may not be due to data showing noxious tendencies but rather an economic perception by people whose cultures do not utilize C. asiatica for food or medicinal purposes. Chemical control may be unnecessary with the holistic control suggested, which is based on its biology.
References
Alagumanian, S., G. Jahirhussain, and M.V. Rao. 2015. High Frequency Shoot Tip Multiplication and Exvitro Rooting of Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. - An Industrial Medicinal Herb. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 4(12). https://www.wjpr. net/index.php/dashboard/abstract_id/4353.
Altoveros, N. and T. Borromeo. 2007. The State of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture of the Philippines (1997 - 2006) A Country Report. Department of Agriculture Bureau of Plant Industry, Philippines. http://www.fao.org/3/11500e/ Philippines.pdf.
Bell, C. 2014. Phytophotodermatitis, umbels, and leucoderma. Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California. Downloaded from https://ucanr.edu/blogs/blogcore/postdetail. cfm?postnum=13817 on 4 April 2021.
Bylka, W., P. Znajdek-Awiżeń, E. Studzińska- Srokaand M. Brzezińska. 2013. Centella asiatica in cosmetology. Postepy dermatologii i alergologii 30(1): 46–49. https://doi.org/10.5114/ pdia.2013.33378.
Centella asiatica - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics. 2021. Elsevier. https://www.sciencedirect.com/ topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/centella- asiatica.
Centella asiatica (Asiatic pennywort). 2021. CABI Invasive Species Compendium. https://www.cabi. org/isc/datasheet/12048.
Centella asiatica: info from PIER (PIER species info). (2021). US Forest Service, Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk. Downloaded from http://www.hear.org/pier/ species/centella_asiatica.htm on 27 March 2021.
Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science. (2021). Plants of the World Online. Downloaded from http://www. plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni. org:names:1197718-2 on 27 March 2021.
Chandrasena, N. 2014. Living with weeds -a new paradigm. Indian Journal of Weed Science 46(1): 96-110. https://www.researchgate.net/publication /271212655_Living_with_weeds_-a_new paradigm.
Chandrasena, N. and N. Rao, Adusumilli. (Eds.). 2017. Commemorating 50 Years (1967-2017). 50th Anniversary Celebratory Volume. Asian-Pacific Weed Science Society (APWSS); Indian Society of Weed Science (ISWS), India and The Weed Science Society of Japan (WSSJ), Japan. 2017. 208 pp.
Chevallier, A. 2016. Encyclopedia of Herbal Medicine. Van Haren Publishing. p. 76.
de Tavera, T.H.P. and J.B. Thomas. 1907. Plantas Medicinales de Filipinas (Year 2000 Edition). Ayala Foundation Inc. 445 pp.
Devkota, A. and P.K. Jha. 2009. Variation in Growth of Centella asiatica along Different Soil Composition. Botany Research International 55-60. https:// citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10. 1.1.606.6840&rep=repl&type=pdf.
Devkota, A. and P.K. Jha, P. K. 2010. Effect of Light Levels on the growth traits and yield of Centella asiatica. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research: 5(4), 226–230. https://www. researchgate.net/profile/Anjana-Devkota-2/publication/327720027_Effect_of_Light_Levels on_the_growth_traits_and_yield_of_Centella_ asiatica/links/5eba6f44a6fdcc1f1dd2f6b3/ Effect-of-Light-Levels-on-the-growth-traits-and- yield-of-Centella-asiatica.pdf.
Devkota, A. and P.K. Jha. 2013. Effect of integrated manuring on growth and yield of Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. Tropical Ecology 54(1): 89–95. https:// www.researchgate.net/profile/Anjana-Devkota-2/ publication/288478647_Effect_of_integrated_ manuring_on_growth_and_yield_of_Centella asiatica L Urb/links/5eba6fdaa6fdcc1f1dd2f6cc/ Effect-of-integrated-manuring-on-growth-and- yield-of-Centella-asiatica-L-Urb.pdf.
Galvez Tan, J. Z., & Galvez Tan, M. R. M. 2017. Medicinal Fruits, Vegetables and Spices (1st ed.). JZGALVEZTAN Health Associates Inc. 233 pp.
Gohil, K.J., J.A. Patel and A.K. Gajjar. 2010. Pharmacological Review on Centella asiatica: A Potential Herbal Cure-all. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 72(5): 546–556. https:// doi.org/10.4103/0250-474X.78519.
Kishun, R., and R. Chand. 1988. Epiphytic survival of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris on Centella asiatica (L.) Urban. International Journal of Tropical Plant Diseases 6(2): 189–193. https:// www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/19901140991.
Kosaka, Y., L. Xayvongsa, A. Vilayphone, H. Chanthavong, S. Takeda, and M. Kato, M. 2013. Wild Edible Herbs in Paddy Fields and Their Sale in a Mixture in Houaphan Province, the Lao People's Democratic Republic. Economic Botany (2013), 67(4): 335–349. Published. https://repository.kulib. kyoto-u.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2433/196781/1/ s12231-013-9251-6.pdf.
Lansdown, R.V. 2019. Centella asiatica. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/ IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T168725A88308182.en Accessed on 27 April 2021.
Madulid, D., M. Fenix, J. Galvez Tan, and J. Reyes. 2017. Philippine Herbs for Healthy Cooking, Common Cures and Concoctions. ArtPostAsia Inc. 164 pp.
Monaco, T.J., S.C. Weller and F.M. Ashton. 2002. Weed Science Principles and Practices (4th ed.). John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 671 pp.
Mathur, S., S. Sharma and S. Kumar. 2003. Description of variation in the Indian accessions of the medicinal plant Centella asiatica (L.) Urban. Plant Genetic Resources Newsletter 135: 47–52. https://www. cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20043024251.
Mauseth, J.D. 2014. Botany: An Introduction to Plant Biology (5th ed.). Jones & Bartlett Learning. p. 440
Moody, K., Weed Science Society of the Philippines and University of the Philippines at Los Baños. 2014. Major Weeds of the Philippines 2nd Edition. Weed Science Society of the Philippines Inc. p. 13. PAGASA Climate Map of the Philippines. 2021.
PAGASA. http://bagong.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/informa tion/climate-philippines.
Patra, A., B. Rai, G. Rout and P. Das. 1998. Successful plant regeneration from callus cultures of Centella asiatica (Linn.) Urban. Plant Growth Regulation 24(1): 13-16. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1005932313180
Sun, B., L. Wu, Y. Wu, C. Zhang, L. Qin, M. Hayashi, M. Kudo, M. Gao and T. Liu. 2020. Therapeutic Potential of Centella asiatica and Its Triterpenes: A Review. Frontiers in Pharmacology. https://www. frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2020.568032/ full.
Taghizadeh, M., N. Yasa, A. Naqinezhad and M. Ahvazi. 2004. Review of Centella asiatica (L.) urban. Journal of Medicinal Plants 3(12): 1–8. http://jmp. ir/article-1-721-en.html.
Thangapandian, R., Devi, P. S., & Theresa, V. 2012. Rapid micropropagation techniques for conserving Centella asiatica - a valuable medicinal herb. Journal of Pharmacognosy, 3(2), 104–107. https://www. cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20133085931.
Wankhar, B., & Tripathi, R. S. 1990. Competitive fitness of Centella asiatica populations raised from stem cuttings and seedlings. Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. (Plant Sci.), 100(4), 239–245. https://www.ias.ac.in/article/ fulltext/plnt/100/04/0239-0245.
Wersal, R.M. and J.D. Madsen. 2012. International Plant Protection Convention. Aquatic Plants: Their Uses and Risks - A review of the global status of aquatic plants. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. https://www.ippc.int/largefiles/2012/ IPPC-IRSS_Aquatic_Plants_Study_2012-Final.pdf.
Zhang, X.-G., T. Han, Z.-G. He, Q.-Y. Zhang, L. Zhang, K. Rahman and L-P. Qin. 2012. Genetic diversity of Centella asiatica in China analyzed by inter- simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers: combination analysis with chemical diversity. Journal of Natural Medicine 66(1): 241–247. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s11418-011-0572-4.